Joint handbook by OCHA/IDD, UN HABITAT, UNHCR, FAO, OHCHR, the Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) and the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC)
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Para Que Se Sepa – in English Let It Be Known – is a compilation of life stories told by people displaced by Colombia’s years of internal armed conflict and massive human rights violations.
Internal displacement in Kenya is a complex and multi-faceted social problem that revolves around and reflects unresolved issues of land and property, as well as the struggle for the control of political and economic resources. (...)
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Mudanças importantes ocorreram no cenário político institucional e nas dinâmicas sociais nos últimos vinte anos no Brasil. O marco inicial destas transformações pode ser fixado a partir da promulgação da nova Constituição que rege o tecido jurídico e societário brasileiro na atualidade. Todavia, fixar uma marca temporal é sempre complicado quando se trata de entender os pro‑ cessos sociais e suas mudanças, especialmente quando sabemos das interfaces entre passado e presente.
Em 2015, Moçambique celebrou 40 anos desde a proclamação da sua independência. Ocorreram entretanto grandes mudanças positivas em diversas áreas, apesar de um período relativamente longo de 16 anos de guerra civil, de finais dos anos 70 a princípios dos anos 90. Entre outras realiza- ções, no período pós-guerra reduziu-se a insegurança alimentar de 56% em 2003 para 24% em 2015, isto é, 32 pontos percentuais em 17 anos. A desnutrição também foi reduzida de 48% em 2008 para 43%, em 2015, isto é, 6 pontos percentuais em 7 anos.
Moçambique localiza-se na costa sudueste de África, com uma área de cerca de 799.380 Km1 e uma linha costeira de cerca de 2.515 Km ao longo do Oceano Índico, constituindo um espaço vital tanto para o país assim como para os países vizinhos situados no interior que só têm acesso às vias oceânicas através dos portos moçambicanos. Em termos de fronteiras, o país faz limite, a Norte, com a República Unida da Tazânia, a Oeste com o Malawi, Zâmbia, Zimbabwe, Suazilândia e República da Àfrica do Sul; a Sul, faz divisa com a Àfrica do Sul, países com os quais partilha cerca de 4.330Km.
Fiscal instruments are tools that governments use to manage revenue and expenditure and therefore influence the growth (or stability) of the various sectors of the economy. Government revenue is derived primarily through taxation. In Kenya, land taxation has contributed less than 1% of government revenue for the past three years. The Sessional Paper No.
The acquisition of land by foreigners in developing countries has emerged as a key mechanism for foreign direct investment (FDI). FDI is defined by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as the category of international investment that reflects the objective of a resident entity in one economy to obtain a lasting interest in an enterprise resident in another economy.
Land acquisitions, either driven by foreign investments or domestic investment needs have continued to polarize opinions. When this research was proposed, it was premised on arguments by scholars Ruth Meinzen-Dick and Helen Markelova, who had analysed agricultural land deals, and argued that there were potentially two schools of thought about foreign acquisitions over agricultural land.
Kenya is currently implementing a number of large scale infrastructure and development projects aimed at trans forming the country into a newly industrializing, middle-income country. For this, the government has had to compulsorily acquire large tracts of land upon which the infrastructure is set.
The constitution of Kenya , 2010
Sessional Paper No.3 of 2009 on the National Land Policy
Public land is a resource that should be effectively managed in the public’s best interest in line with provisions of the Constitutions of Kenya and the Land Act. The management framework governing land use and development decisions on public land should ensure protection and sustainable management of the land. Despite these provisions in law, recent media reports point toresurgenceof public land grab. The Land Development and Governance Institute commissioned this research study to establish the status of the public land management in Kenya.