The oft-cited UN Habitat report on the 1989-1990 urban resettlement programme in Burma which the report estimates affected 1.5 million people (16 percent of the urban population). "...During the early months of 1990 international attention was focused on the Yangon squatter clearance and resettlement programme launched by the Government in 1989. The Mission found that the programme is not limited to Yangon, but has broad national coverage.

In this document the secretariat of the Economic Commission for Africa analyses the land problem in the urban areas and housing programmes for the masses. The document is in five main parts. The first part introduces the land issue in human settlements policy and identifies areas requiring attention in the interest of an orderly use of land in urban areas.

Earlier (1950s - early 1970s) development planning in African countries was essentially perceived and conceived as macro-economic planning. This perception placed overriding emphasis on the projection and maximization of national economic aggregates such as the GDP, the GNP per capita income, level of employment, stability of price levels etc. as sole measures of economic development performance.

This paper focused on the policies and programmes relating to human settlements, aspects of urban land policies and of policies for rational urban promotion and the elimination of uncontrolled settlements and slums.

In late March, Indian Premier Narendra Modi imposed a three-week lockdown to prevent the further spread of the coronavirus. Since then, tens of thousands of migrant workers who had previously provided cheap labour in wealthy homes or on construction sites in the nation’s growing metropolises have been making their way back to their rural home regions.

Tanzania implemented extensive policy, legislative and structural reforms taken
and taken several other measures to fulfil her commitments to the Habitat II
Agenda. Yet achieving the objectives of "shelter for all" and "sustainable human
settlements in an urbanizing world" has remained elusive, due to financial and
human resource limitations of the urban authorities and rapid urbanization. Lack
of access to affordable housing, finance, land and services has resulted in most of

Indicator 11.3.1: Ratio of land consumption rate to population growth rate
 

This paper examines the various ways in which migrant settlers have gained and maintained access to land in the informal urban settlements of Wewak, the provincial capital of East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG). Urban population growth in PNG and in Pacific Island states more generally is predicted to grow rapidly over the next two decades. Given the limited availability of formal housing for lower income people, it is likely that many will live in informal urban settlements on land owned by customary landowners.

Las Naciones Unidas, en su agenda 2015-2030 –concretamente en el obje- tivo de desarrollo sostenible n° 11: ciudades y comunidades sostenibles–, se propone la consecución de ciudades y asentamientos humanos inclusivos, seguros, resilientes y sostenibles, si se asume, como expresa la misma or- ganización, que la mitad de la población mundial vive en ciudades, lo cual es crucial para el desarrollo sostenible. Si bien el objetivo es claro, el reto es encontrar la forma de conquistarlo.

A wide variety of settlement systems exist, ranging from small villages to large metropolises. However, spatial analyses are typically confined to the mere presence or absence of built-up land and the changes therein, while more subtle differences between various settlement systems are ignored. In this paper we study the spatial distribution of Chinese settlements in terms of their built-up land, cluster density and cluster size, as well as their changes between 1990 and 2010.

In terms of the splintering of cities, it is important to understand contemporary urbanization processes, speculative real estate development, and ways to challenge these via new modes of politics. This case study analyzes the impacts of largely ‘illegal’ city building, on different groups of people within the city, particularly relating to spatial (in)justice and violence.