The second volume of Land Reform, Land Settlement and Cooperatives for 2004 comprises eight articles that examine a range of areas central to land tenure activity. They provide a stimulating and, in some cases, critical set of perspectives on how best to tackle some of these issues.

Le présent décret, pris en application des dispositions de l’article 66 de la loi 016/01 portant Code Forestier en République Gabonaise, fixe les modalités de réalisation des travaux de régénération et de réhabilitation des sites forestiers dégradés. L’inexécution ou l’inexécution partielle des travaux de régénération et de réhabilitation des sites forestiers dégradés par le concessionnaire est punie conformément à l’article 276 de la loi n°016/0l du 31 décembre 2001 portant Code Forestier en République Gabonaise.

The National Environmental Policy of Malawi is a cross-sectoral policy with the following objectives: Secure for all persons, now and in the future, an environment suitable for their health and well being; Promote sustainable utilization and management of the country's natural resources and encourage, where appropriate, long term self sufficiency in food, fuel wood and other energy requirements; Facilitate the restoration, maintenance and enhancement of the ecosystems and ecological processes essential for the functioning of the biosphere and prudent use of renewable resources; Promote the

La provincia del Chubut posee, en la zona andina, 1.000.000 de hectáreas de bosques nativos, de las cuales 133.000 hectáreas, mayoritariamente conformadas por bosques puros de Nothofagus pumilio "lenga" (90%) se consideran aptas para la producción de madera. De ellas, aproximadamente 10.000 hectáreas han sido o son objeto de algún régimen de aprovechamiento forestal. En 1992 se pusieron en vigencia unas normas específicas que básicamente exigen a quienes pretenden extraer madera del bosque nativo la presentación de planes de manejo forestal.

Gabon’s oil wealth coincides with the fact that it is one of the most forested countries in Africa; about four-fifths of its land area is covered by forests. But this is not really a coincidence. The central hypothesis of this report is that oil rents have enabled a series of pro-urban, anti-rural policies that, together with the low demographic pressure, have been key in protecting forests from degradation and deforestation. In particular, forest conversion to cropland has been contained. Most probably, oil has helped expand forest cover in absolute terms.

Gabon’s oil wealth coincides with the fact that it is one of the most forested countries in Africa; about four-fifths of its land area is covered by forests. But this is not really a coincidence. The central hypothesis of this report is that oil rents have enabled a series of pro-urban, anti-rural policies that, together with the low demographic pressure, have been key in protecting forests from degradation and deforestation. In particular, forest conversion to cropland has been contained. Most probably, oil has helped expand forest cover in absolute terms.

Forests play major roles in climate change. They contribute carbon emissions when destroyed or degraded and they suffer from changing climate, drought and extreme weather. Managed sustainably, they can provide a unique environmental service by removing excess carbon from the atmosphere, storing it in biomass, soils and products. In addition, sustainably produced wood fuels offer an environmentally benign alternative to fossil fuels.

Invasive tree species are now considered to be a threat to the biological diversity of Southern Africa. Most of the invasive tree species in Southern Africa were either deliberate or accidental introductions. Most of the invasive tree species are exotic, with only one or two being indigenous. These invasive exotic tree species are causing significant environmental and economic damage to the ecosystems of the region.

La définitio n de mécanismes app ropriés à la lu tte contre les activités illé gales et la corruption dans le sec t eur forestier dev rait constituer un des fondements des réformes législativ es entreprises par une majorité de pays africains. Ce nouveau cadre juridique est une des conditions préalables à la gestion durable des ressources forestières . Les principales caractéristiques des nouvelles lois sont une reconnaiss ance des valeurs sociales, écono miques et environnementales et leur intégration dans les object ifs de la gestion durable des forêts.

Neste relatório apresenta- se o levantamento sobre a fiscal ização florestal e faunística no passado e presente, sugerem - se medidas para melhorar a fiscalização e formas de participação dos interve nientes do sector nesta actividade.Há uma grande diferença entre o que a lei florestal estabelece como prática a seguir na exploração, uso e conservação das flo res tas com o que se passa no terreno.

The protection and management of environment are among the pillars of Vision 2020. The objective of the Government is that by 2020, it will have built a nation in which pressure on natural resources, particularly on land, water, biomass and biodiversity, has significantly been reduced and the process of environmental pollution and degradation has been reversed; a nation in which the management and protection of these resources and environment are more rational and well regulated in order to preserve and bequeath to future generations the basic wealth necessary for sustainable development.