Ce rapport, qui s’inscrit dans l’objectif du programme de RCN Justice & De?mocratie «Pour une justice de proximite? », pre?sente les re?sultats d’une e?tude des modes de re?solution de conflits fonciers par les syste?mes judiciaires et pre? judiciaires au Rwanda et propose des mesures pour rapprocher la justice de la population. Deux exemples peuvent servir a? introduire le genre de conflits fonciers typiques au Rwanda et les questions sociales que ces conflits soule?vent.

Land use conflicts are common phenomena in Tanzania and the world at large. One major reason before going to specific cases hinges on the fact that land does not expand while people and other living organizations that depend on it keeps on increasing on the early surface. This un matching ratio between land as basic resources for livelihoods and its users constantly results into land use conflicts.

The Ministerial Policy Statement is split in two main sections; Section A, which provides an overview of performance and plans for the Ministry, Central Votes and local governments and Section B, which provides past performance and future plans for each Vote Function in detail, in addition to Cross Cutting and other Budgetary Issues.

• Section A: Ministry and Vote Overview .

This analysis and recommendations stem from USAID/Kenya’s request for an assessment of Kenya’s draft National Land Policy (dNLP).4 It was conducted under the global task order: Property Rights and Resource Governance Program, a mechanism designed and supervised by USAID-EGAT’s Land Resources Management Team under the Office of Natural Resources Management.

Nos últimos anos, a economia moçambicana tem registado desenvolvimentos significativos na área dos recursos minerais e energéticos. Em 2004, iniciou-se a produção e expor tação de gás natural em Pande e Temane, na província de Inhambane. Em 2007 arrancou em Moma, na província de Nampula, a expor tação de minérios produzidos a par tir de areias pesadas. Em 2007, o Governo assinou com a brasileira Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (CVRD) um contrato mineiro para a exploração de grandes quantidades de carvão de Moatize, na província de Tete.

Le Togo est un des plus petits pays objet de l’étude : sa superficie n’est que de 56 785 km², grossièrement répartis en deux systèmes de plaines, un au Nord et un au Sud, séparés par un ensemble de plateaux centraux, dont le massif de l’Atakora. Par contre, la population est relativement importante avec près de 6 millions d’habitants (avec un taux de croissance annuel de 2,7 % pour la période 2000-2006)1, dont près de 40 % dans les agglomérations de plus de 5 000 habitants. Selon une formule de R. Cornevin, le Togo représente « toute l’Afrique en 600 kilomètres »2.

The study has established that customary land in Zambia is enormously significant because land is central to human existence and a large proportion of Zambians depend on it for their livelihood. Customary land in Zambia is the source of food and other necessaries for human existence for the villagers whose entire spectrum of perceptions of life are rooted in the cultural configurations and heritage of rural activities. Further, the study has found that the land can be made more productive without converting it to leasehold.

Since 1990 at least eighteen violent conflicts have been fuelled by the exploitation of natural resources. In fact, recent research suggests that over the last sixty years at least forty percent of all intrastate conflicts have a link to natural resources. Civil wars such as those in Liberia, Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo have centred on high-value resources like timber, diamonds, gold, minerals and oil. Other conflicts, including those in Darfur and the Middle East, have involved control of scarce resources such as fertile land and water.

O presente texto trata de aspectos da história agrária do antigo município de Soledade, localizado no norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Interessa-nos conhecer faces da realidade local a partir da aplicação da Lei de Terras de 1850 e destacar algumas de suas conseqüências econômicas e sociais. Nessa região, a partir da segunda metade do século 19, o crescimento populacional, a chegada dos imigrantes europeus e a crescente privatização do solo contribuíram forte-mente para o aumento do preço das terras.

The performance of any organization can be improved through constant evaluation which helps organizations mirror themselves against acceptable benchmarks, Land administration institutions are no exception. However. most of the land administration systems in LOCs are over-centralized and inflexible in regulatory and legal frameworks and they are rarely evaluated. This paper uses documented key oettormence indicators of effectiveness. efficiency and quality in an attempt to evaluate Kenya's land