Creative Commons Attribution

یعرض ھذا التقریر النتائج الرئیسیة والخلاصات الأساسیة لمؤشر حوكمة الموارد لعام 2017. ويقيس المؤشر حسن إدارة الموارد في 81 بلدا تنتج  82 في المائة من النفط في العالم، و 78 في المائة من الغاز، ونسبة كبيرة من المعادن، بما في ذلك 72 في المائة من جميع النحاس. وهو نتاج 89 تقييما قطريا (تم تقييم ثمانية بلدان في قطاعين)، جمع  النتائج 150 باحثا، باستخدام ما يقرب من 10،000 وثيقة داعمة للإجابة على 149 سؤالا.  ممكن الإطلاع على النتائج المفصلة على http://www.resourcegovernanceindex.org

Этот отчет представляет ключевые выводы и основные послания Индекса управления ресурсами 2017. Индекс оценивает качество управления ресурсами в 81 стране, которые совместно производят 82 процента мировой нефти, 78 процентов газа и значительную часть минеральных ресурсов, включая 72 процента всей меди. Это результат 89 страновых оценок (восемь стран были оценены по двум секторам), проведенных 150 исследователями, которые использовали почти 10000 подтверждающих документов для ответов на 149 вопросов.

Le rapport présente les principaux résultats et messages clés de l’Indice de Gouvernance des Ressources Naturelles 2017. L’indice mesure la qualité de la gouvernance des ressources naturelles dans 81 pays, qui représentent 82% de la production mondiale de pétrole, 78% de la production mondiale de gaz et une part importante de la production de minéraux, dont 72% de la production mondiale de cuivre.

El Índice de la Gobernanza de los Recursos Naturales evalúa las políticas y las prácticas empleadas por las autoridades para gobernar sus industrias petrolera, gasífera y minera. El índice proporciona una calificación agregada para cada evaluación. En la mayoría de países, el índice evalúa ya sea el sector petróleo y gas, o el sector minero. En el caso de ocho países, el índice evalúa a ambos sectores. Lee mas en http://www.resourcegovernanceindex.org. 

This report presents the key findings and core messages of the 2017 Resource Governance Index. The index measures the quality of resource governance in 81 countries that together produce 82 percent of the world’s oil, 78 percent of its gas and a significant proportion of minerals, including 72 percent of all copper. It is the product of 89 country assessments (eight countries were assessed in two sectors), compiled by 150 researchers, using almost 10,000 supporting documents to answer 149 questions.

The GODAN Action online map of agri-food data standards is a deliverable of the GODAN Action project.

A number of national, regional and global land cover classification systems have been developed to meet specific user requirements for land cover mapping exercises, independent of scale, nomenclature and quality. However, this variety of land-cover classification systems limits the compatibility and comparability of land cover data.

An evaluation of landscape tradition, in Near and Middle East area, could emphasize a profound past of agricultural experience, as well as of landscape and garden art. In reference to this common past, Byzantine and Arabic landscape and garden art paradigms appear to be geographically and culturally correlated, as proved by a Byzantine 12th century folksong, presenting the construction of a villa, with its surrounding gardens and landscape formations, in the territory of Euphrates River.

Tropical countries are now facing increasing global pressure to conserve tropical forests, while having to maintain cultivated lands (particularly shifting cultivation) for the subsistence of local people. To accomplish the effective conservation of tropical forests in harmony with subsistence shifting cultivation, we evaluated the influence of shifting cultivation on ecosystem services (i.e., biodiversity and carbon stock) at a landscape level based on three land-use scenarios.

This study investigated the effects of feeding system on diurnal enteric methane (CH4) emissions from individual cows on commercial farms. Data were obtained from 830 cows across 12 farms, and data collated included production records, CH4 measurements (in the breath of cows using CH4 analysers at robotic milking stations for at least seven days) and diet composition. Cows received either a partial mixed ration (PMR) or a PMR with grazing. A linear mixed model was used to describe variation in CH4 emissions per individual cow and assess the effect of feeding system.