This paper sets out why land expropriation is a hidden danger of the response to climate change; a danger that is not adequately captured in legislation and that risks disproportionately affecting the poor. Measures to mitigate the risks and impacts of climate change are often dependent on states’ access to land.

In 2021, Transparency International and the Equal Rights Trust published Defying Exclusion: Stories and Insights on the Links between Discrimination and Corruption. Bringing together a diverse group of case studies from across the globe, it documented and illustrated the mutually reinforcing links – the vicious cycle – between discrimination and corruption. Defying Exclusion marked the first attempt to systematically explore the phenomena we termed “discriminatory corruption”.

Preventing sprawl and concentrating future urban growth at transit centres typifies many urban planning strategies in a number of Australian New Zealand and North America cities Newer iterations of these strategies also argue that compact development delivers public benefits by enhancing urban liveability through good urban design outcomes Where neoliberal economic conditions prevail achieving these aims is largely dependent on marketdriven development actions requiring the appropriate urban planning responses to ensure these outcomes However there are growing concerns that urban planning a

Rapid urbanization has led to the influx of people into urban areas as people seek better life opportunities This migration has however largely not been planned resulting in population explosions in the cities Relying on existing research on the topic and government reports this study finds that many middle and lowincome families in Kenya have ended up living in informal settlements in urban areas due to housing unaffordability The study further determines that the problem of housing is more pronounced in developing countries Studies related to this issue establish that the housing crisis c

Participation in decisionmaking processes foreshadows enabling citizens communities nongovernmental organizations and other interested parties to influence the formulation of policies and laws affecting them The purpose of this study is not only to review Lithuanian legal documents but also to analyse recent processes in Kaunas city planning Kaunas city is undergoing various urban processes which do not always meet the needs of the community This study presents an analysis of the forms of community involvement in the urban planning processes and survey data on the effectiveness of community

Aesthetics is the philosophical study of art and natural beauty and it is indicated by the feelings of pleasure or displeasure which comes from visual and aural elements and artefacts Hence aesthetics depends on the animate or inanimate organization which can be perceived either subjectively or objectively This aesthetic element is uniquely present in the traditional buildings and modern buildings of the southwestern part of Nigeria This study is set out to evaluate and bring into limelight the aesthetic characteristics of traditional buildings and that of the modern buildings how one style

Population and land use outmigrations from urban to peripheral areas can result in nonfunctional unmaintained historic structures which deteriorate to the point where removal is cheaper than removal or demolition by neglect The increasing rate of neglected historic structures is a growing concern There is a need for research investigating connections between urban growth management and its effect on neglect This paper applies Newmans 2013 conceptual model of measuring neglect to Geographic Information Systems comparing rates of neglect in historic Doylestown Quakertown and Bristol boroughs

The pervasiveness of territorial marks in postconflict neighbourhoods elicited this study Relying on residents perceptions the study explored the dynamics underpinning residents use of territorial marks Primary data was collected by administering questionnaires to residents of various neighbourhoods within the study area Physical observations were conducted to identify all residential neighbourhoods and categorised into three homogenous zones From each homogenous zone 30 neighbourhoods were purposively selected In total 2055 buildings were identified within these selected neighbourhoods The

A revolutionary book by De Soto to formalize land tenure by changing dead capital to life capital has become the trademark in Egypt of issuing a temporary reconciliation law of 2019 and its amendment to approve a legal certificate to the violators against a certain fee The question is does this law legalize informal housing Is it enough to introduce a legal certificate to secure land tenure for the violators How would this law apply on the ground Depending on the deductive methodology this paper traces sociotechnical transitions concerning legalizing the status quo of buildingland tenure se

For a long time Social life in Bahrain was unique and positive Public Participation and social cooperative with no reference of segregation or discrimination for a long time Regularly residences were gathering together to discuss the daily life solving problems discussing their economic and social issues with a spirit of respecting human rights and civilization In Bahrain there were many elements which were positively in city quality of life The research problem is that unfortunately most of the old part of Manama city Capital of Bahrain area suffer from losing the identity by modernization

The significance of neighbourhood in hosting a group of dwellings units and possessing adequate communal facilities could not be overemphasized in the study of people and place relationships There are two main objectives of this study i to study the neighbourhoods associated challenges through the size growth and land use distribution and ii to investigate the perceived inhabitants activities pattern within the neighbourhood The objectives are explored through a morphological and GISbased land use analysis of a rural neighbourhood in Southwest Nigeria The town is studied in three transforma

Natural and CulturoHistorical Region of Kotor Boka Bay Montenegro is well known for its exceptional beauty evaluated by UNESCO The unique universal value has been embodied in the cultural landscape vernacular architecture harmonized with the cultivated terraced landscape on the slopes of high rocky mountains Kostanjica is an old settlement in Boka Bay former fishermen village recognized for valuable elements of the cultural landscape chestnut tree and laurel forest terraced gardens with arable land fruit gardens traditional architecture in stone clusters of houses piers and docks pedestrian