The most important international a world-level document defining the policy of protecting land and soil is the UN Convention «On combating desertification/land degradation in countries experiencing drought and/or desertification». Latvia acceded to this Convention in 2002, undertaking to implement it requirements. With the introduction of the Convention, it is necessary to develop a national action program for restriction of land degradation, as well as develop new legislation and a long-term policy.

The current situation in land leasing in Ukraine is analysed, when a tenant of a land parcel with immovable property is sold in part, which causes the following controversy: the land parcel in someone’s lease has buildings or constructions owned by another physical or legal person (other than the tenant). The interested party wastes a lot of time on resolving this controversial situation with the existing procedures in Ukraine. This problem is not always solved professionally because of the lack of sellers’ and buyers’ knowledge of specific features of land management and geodesy.

We conducted a hearing investigation on self-support farming in Kosuge village, Kitatsuru District. Yamanashi Prefecture. In this paper, we described the overview of 'subsistence farming' in Motomura and the farming method and life styles of the villagers there in order to understand the problems of mountain villages. In the old days, the villagers here employed four types of farming methods : field-slash-and-burn-forest-meadow. Staple food in this village was taro and grains or coarse cereal gained through slash-and-burn farming. From 1782 to 1788, a great famine occurred.

The changes in the ownership structure were to be implemented by the Agricultural Property Agency of the State Treasury, which, under the Act of Law of 11 April 2003 on the structuring of agrarian system (i.e. The Journal of Laws of 2012, item 803, as amended), on 16 July 2003 became the Agricultural Property Agency with eleven local branch offices.

In a course of the research there was studied the historical path of the emergence of private property in the world and in what is now Belarus. The evolution of concepts of private property during the XIX - XX centuries was analyzed. Based on the history of private ownership of land, the provisions of Roman law, the need to raise interest of peasants in the effective management, it was shown a possible in the future way of the transfer of agricultural land to private ownership of peasants. The foregoing provisions are theoretical justification for these proposals.