Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. In the early 17th century, a new ROMANOV Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Repeated devastating defeats of the Russian army in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the imperial household. The communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. After defeating Germany in World War II as part of an alliance with the US (1939-1945), the USSR expanded its territory and influence in Eastern Europe and emerged as a global power. The USSR was the principal adversary of the US during the Cold War (1947-1991). The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the decades following Stalin’s rule, until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 splintered the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent republics.
Following economic and political turmoil during President Boris YELTSIN's term (1991-99), Russia shifted toward a centralized authoritarian state under the leadership of President Vladimir PUTIN (2000-2008, 2012-present) in which the regime seeks to legitimize its rule through managed elections, populist appeals, a foreign policy focused on enhancing the country's geopolitical influence, and commodity-based economic growth. Russia faces a largely subdued rebel movement in Chechnya and some other surrounding regions, although violence still occurs throughout the North Caucasus.
Russia is a semi-presidential federation.
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Displaying 386 - 390 of 1046Regional Law No. 88-Z “On allotment of land plots in ownership free of charge to some categories of citizens”.
This Regional Law regulates legal relations concerning allotment of land plots, pertaining to public or municipal property, including also land plots with undelimited ownership, in ownership free of charge to some categories of citizens.
Regional Law No.146-Z amending Regional Law No. 28-Z “On allotment of land plots to multi-child families”.
Article 3.2 shall be amended to add the following wording: “Plots of public or municipal land shall be allotted to multi-child families with three or more dependent children in ownership free of charge without tender by decision of local government authorized to manage land plots in accordance with acting land legislation”.
Amends: Regional Law No. 28-Z “On allotment of land plots to multi-child families”. (2011-04-11)
Regional Law No. 359 amending Regional Law No. 74 “On allotment of land plots to multi-child families”.
Article 4 shall be amended to add the following wording: “Plots of public or municipal land shall be allotted to multi-child families with three or more dependent children in ownership free of charge without tender by decision of local government authorized to manage land plots in accordance with acting land legislation”.
Amends: Regional Law No. 74 “On allotment of land plots to multi-child families”. (2011-11-08)
Regional Decree No. 342-PP validating the Regulation on composition, elaboration, coordination and submittal for validation of land-use planning projects related to protected areas.
This Regional Decree establishes composition, elaboration, coordination and submittal for validation of land-use planning projects related to protected areas. The scope of the aforesaid project shall be to ensure functioning of protected areas in compliance with legal regulation and classification of protected areas with a view of conservation of unique and typical natural complexes and objects and ecological education of the population.
Regional Law No. 3155-KZ “On some issues of allotment in ownership of public or municipal land plots”.
This Regional Law establishes that public or municipal land plot can be allotted free of charge on condition of tenancy for maximum period of six year for family farming. It lists municipal districts eligible for distribution of agricultural land plots in accordance with the aforesaid terms and conditions. After five years of tenancy the aforesaid plots of land can be transferred to peasant farms in ownership free of charge upon submittal of written application by tenants.