In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there were examined different formulations of a notion and term of 'land use', there was presented its content taking into account modern conditions. There was shown the notion and content of intra-farm land use planning of agricultural organizations; its content updated with the issues on ecologization of land use planning. There was suggested an energy approach to the economic estimation of taken project decisions made in land use planning.

The article examines the use of the fertile layer of soil and its reproduction, shows the qualitative
composition of lands of Stavropol Territory. Some basics mechanism of reproduction of agricultural land are presented. The main methods of reproduction of fertility of the soil – agrotechnical actions (use of rational system of agriculture – optimum crop rotations, chemicalixation, melioration) are proved.

Az árvízvédelmi töltések védelmében, az árvizek levonulásában, ezáltal ma-gában az árvízvédelemben a gyepesítésnek jelentős szerepe van. Gazdaságossá-gát nem lehet egzakt módon bizonyítani, hiszen míg a létesítési és fenntartási költségeket egyértelműen meghatározhatjuk, a bevételi oldal összetett és nehezen számszerűsíthető. Az árvízvédelmi földgátak gyepesítésének társadalmi hasznossága és gazda-sági előnye mégis vitathatatlan:-közvetlen gazdasági haszon: pl.

Traditionally, in the context of environment and natural resources management, many communication efforts have focused on the dissemination of technical information to end-users who were expected to adopt them. Development practitioners were trying to ‘push’ their products on communities in order to receive community commitment to their development initiatives.

Unprecedented pressures on land and its governance have been created. As evident around the globe, where land governance is deficient, high levels of corruption often flourish. Under such a system, land distribution is unequal, tenure is insecure, and natural resources are poorly managed.

In this oil research paper, we have set out the challenges confronting oil producing countries in sub-Saharan Africa by giving case studies of Nigeria, Angola and Equatorial Guinea. We have also critiqued the draft National Oil and Gas Policy under formulation as well as the legal framework. We argue that the oil Dutch Disease and conflict nexus associated with oil producing countries are not a given since there are examples such as Norway which have utilised their oil revenue for transformation and sustainable development.

O estabelecimento centralizado das áreas protegidas diprivou muitas comunidades rurais das suas actividades de subsistência e estratégias de sobrevivência dependentes do uso dos recursos florestais (Fabricius et al. 2004; Weladji et al. 2003; Katerere, 2002; Ghimire & Pimbert, 2000). Perderam a terra e foram reassentadas (Webb, 2002; Koch, 2000; Reid et al. 1999), a caça de subsistência foi tornada ilegal (Fabricius et al. 2004).

The concept of use and benefit from natural resources for local communities in Mozambique occupies a central position in the formal government vision for rural development and has been given prominence in the policies that govern access to land use rights and forest and wildlife resources. There are constitutional guarantees that recognise rights to land that have been acquired through occupation or inheritance through customary systems of allocation, and enabling legislation that permits the registration of these hitherto ‘informal’ rights.

Implementation of the Extractive Industry´s Transparency Initiative (EITI) in Mozambique has shown a series of problems of organisation and transparency in the way in which Mozambique manages and uses revenue from extractive industries. Among the problems there stand out the significant differences between the fiscal contribution made by the companies chosen to take part in this process and what the Government says it has received from these companies.

The Petroleum Law No. 3/2001 of 21 February 2001 (the “Petroleum Law”) is intended to provide a sound and sustainable legal environment for the development of the oil and gas industry in Mozambique in a manner that will benefit Mozambicans. Although there is no significant commercial production from Mozambique’s fields yet, the substantial oil and gas discoveries will very likely represent the most significant opportunity for the country to develop its economy and bring prosperity to its citizens. The Petroleum Law and the Regulation Decree No.

A viabilidade e sustentabilidade dos sistemas modernos de protecção social, em países subdesenvolvidos como Moçambique, são geralmente avaliadas em torno dos mecanismos financeiros, como se a segurança humana da maioria da população dependesse principalmente da robustez, eficácia e eficiência dos sistemas económico-financeiros.