The theory of change depends on all work being done within partnerships, particularly with
national research and extension systems(NARES) and with small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
active in the national breeding and seed sectors. A core focus is to raise the NARES-CGIAR-SME
breeding networks’ collective strategic and operational capacity to deliver a high rate of uptake
and replacement in seed varieties among small-scale farmers in low- and medium- income
countries.

This document explains ongoing activities and preliminary plans for the establishment of a
multipurpose innovation hub at the WorldFish Nusatupe Research Station in Western Province,
Solomon Islands.The innovation hub concept responds to national demand for a facility to convene research, training and services with national and provincial partners.

Egypt’s Haya Karima (HK) Initiative aims at improving the quality of life in the country’s rural communities through interventions related to human development, infrastructure, and economic sectors. This presidential initiative, whose name translates to “Decent Life” in English, has four strategic goals, all targeting Egypt’s rural population: building human capital, improving quality of life, improving the standard of living for the most vulnerable, and providing decent and productive job opportunities.

The key components for achieving long-lasting resistance to wheat rust disease and effectively managing the wheat rust disease relies on constantly tracking the movement of the pathogens and studying their pathogenic variabilities. Despite the severe drought conditions in wheat-growing regions of CWANA in 2023, the Regional Cereal Rust Research Center-Turkey in collaboration with national rust surveillance teams conducted rust surveillance in Lebanon, Morocco, and Tunisia, following to the BGRI rust surveillance procedures.

Scaling up Gender and Nutrition Sensitive (GNS) Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) technologies and Climate Information Services (CIS) is essential to reducing gender inequalities and empowering women in agriculture and food systems in West Africa. AICCRA collaborated with its regional partner, CORAF to promote tested and sound GNS Technologies during the 2023 Market for Agricultural Innovation and Technology (MITA).

Through action research across six anchored countries in Africa, AICCRA aims at scaling access and use of enhanced climate information services (CIS) and evidence-based climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technologies and innovations for effective climate risk management and sustainable productivity improvement in various agricultural value chains and sub-sectors.

Women are less represented in agricultural research and development sector representing only 25% of agricultural scientists in Africa in the last decade, and a much lower proportion of decision makers on agriculture and climate change at institutional, national, and global levels. Research activities on climate change and outputs must be inclusive, gender-oriented and promote gender equity to enable women scientists to make a greater contribution and be represented at all levels.

To contribute to building sustainable and effective climate change adaptation solutions avoiding usability gap, it is largely recommended to engage in the process of co-production, integrating expertise and knowledge from various academic and non-academic actors. We want to learn if and how co-production, believed to effectively link knowledge and decision-making, and thus suggested as the best practice in building decision-support frameworks, is really applied in the frameworks that are being implemented on the ground.

Seed is life and can be a source of empowerment and disempowerment for women and men farmers. In this study, to close the gender gaps in seed, the Community Enterprises Development Organization, the Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT and the National Agricultural Research Organization developed a seed credit model available to men and women belonging to farmer groups. A mixed method was used to collect information from two districts in central Uganda on how the seed credit model reconstructed access, use, control and resulting benefits.

This chapter advances the state-of-the-art understanding of tipping cascades across scales and systems between Earth system and social tipping points. We consider a tipping cascade to occur when extremes or passing of a tipping point in one system triggers or increases the likelihood of reaching a tipping point in another. Here, this means that crossing an Earth system tipping point or experiencing an extreme volatility in the natural system can lead to cascading impacts that trigger social tipping points, and vice versa.

The study focused on the extensive rangelands in Kuwait, covering more than 75% of the total land area. These rangelands face severe degradation due to factors such as overgrazing, anthropic misuse, and mismanagement. The research aimed to assess the impact of natural restoration, specifically through resting, on vegetation cover and species richness in a fenced 1 km² area. The findings indicated that while perennial species cover remained consistent between fenced and unfenced areas, there was a notable increase in annual species cover within the fenced sections.

Restoring / enhancing soil health is key for sustainable intensification and regenerative agriculture in the Global South, while reducing vulnerability of
smallholder farmers to climate change.
A flexible framework is proposed that can be used to target, monitor and adapt soil health interventions with relevant stakeholders
Development of biological soil health indicators and assessment methods require more research – given the key role of soil biology for soil health/functions