Bangladesh has a unique coastal system with both proximity of climatic vulnerability and opportunity, having rich coastal resources. The upkeep of people's livelihoods in the coastal zone largely depends on the degree to which key stakeholders at all levels of decision-making can participate in climate adaptation planning and implementation processes.

De landschappen in ons land zijn ‘man made’ en tot enkele decennia geleden nog met een geheel eigen ‘gezicht’. De afgelopen halve eeuw zijn er telkens schoksgewijs grote landschappelijke veranderingen aan de orde geweest door veranderingen in het landgebruik, en de effecten van klimaatverandering komen daar nog bovenop. Dit rapport gaat in op de effecten die optreden door de ‘mediterranisatie’ en zeespiegelrijzing en hoe dat doorwerkt in de identiteit van het landschap. Landschappelijke verandering mondt uit in het verloren gaan van kenmerken, maar er ontstaan ook weer nieuwe.

This report presents a case study from Senegal that explores the relationships between economic development and climate change. Urbanisation and economic diversification are transforming the climatic risks that Senegal faces and widening the rural-urban resilience gap. The tourism sector, historically presented as an opportunity to reduce economic exposure to drought, has in fact contributed to new forms of vulnerability. Internal migration from rural inlands to urban coastal areas reduced vulnerability to droughts but increased exposure and sensitivity to floods and coastal erosion.

The Nile Delta and its 2.27 million ha of irrigated land makes up two thirds of Egypt’s agricultural land. It is also the terminal part of a river basin that spans and feeds 11 countries. Increases in dam and irrigation development in upstream parts of the basin is poised to conflict with agricultural expansion and population growth in Egypt. Understanding where and how waters comes into and leaves the delta is therefore a crucial question for the future of the country.

Water management in Bangladesh is guided by an intended integrated and inclusive approach enshrined in government legislation since the late 1990s. Based on qualitative and quantitative data collected in the coastal zone, we assess the implementation of these policies with regard to women water uses. First, the analysis of reproductive and productive roles of women establishes that men have a significant role to play in domestic supply, and women use water extensively for small-scale agriculture and aquaculture, the scope of which has been underestimated.

Indonesia comprises more mangroves than any other country, but also exhibits some of the highest mangrove loss rates worldwide. Most of these mangrove losses are caused by aquaculture development. Monetary valuation of the numerous ecosystem services of mangroves may contribute to their conservation.

The intensive development of tourism in
the Gulf of Aqaba presents both an opportunity and a dilemma
for Egypt. Intensive tourism, if left unmanaged, can inflict
irreversible damage on coral reef and desert ecosystems and
curtail the area's economic potential. Together with
current projections for a rapid expansion of the tourism
base in the Aqaba coast, degradation from mounting
recreational activities give rise to serious concerns about

This study answers the key questions on marine protected areas (MPAs) by assessing country experience with these and other tools along the marine management area continuum that have been adopted to address loss of biodiversity and fisheries and other marine resource degradation, which have eroded traditional use rights and cultural identify.

Fisheries contribute greatly to the
well-being of many millions of people. The sector generates
employment and economic values that are important to
individuals, communities and national economies. However,
the world's fishery resources are not infinite, and
appropriate conservation must be employed for ensuring
sustainable livelihood through fisheries in the future as
well. The Big Numbers Project, a collaborative effort by the

This policy note, Environmental
Management for a Sustainable Economic Development Strategy
for Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, investigates six environmental
management topics which will affect the capacity of the
province to develop the economy and need to be underpinned
by strong environmental and natural resource management. The
six topics cover: agriculture, forestry, fisheries, land and
water, environmental law and regulations, and spatial

This report is the primary output from
the climate change impact and adaptation study for the
Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR) produced for the Bangkok
Metropolitan Administration (BMA) with financial support
provided by the World Bank. The report concerns climate
change, and provides an analysis of climate change impacts
and adaptation options for the BMR. In addition to the more
general matters on the physical setting and socioeconomics

Kenya's tourism product lines and
its source markets function in a cross-sectoral context,
which leads to cross-cutting public and private sector
issues. Tourism has played a major role in Kenya's
development despite economic jolts from time-to-time by
internal and external shocks. In 2006 and 2007 the economy
grew rapidly and tourism, after a jolt in early 2008,
rebounded thanks to market conditions and some solid