The spatial structure of rural areas in eastern Poland is characterized by large fragmentation of privately owned farmland, as well as the scattering of parcels across villages and beyond their boundaries. An important defect is also the unfavourable shape of land parcels, which hampers and sometimes even makes impossible rational management of land in a given area. Shape analysis has been the focus of numerous publications in fields such as geography and ecology, and, more recently, also geodesy.

Land management and improvement of computer technologies in land use are one of the most important tasks of the state; their effective implementation is closely linked to the widespread implementation of modern achievements of information technology. The achievement of the maximum transparency of the processes is vital in the field of geo-information and spatial data resources during increasing the reliability and manageability of the infrastructure.

The aims of this study are to determine the appropriate peach orchard locations among Tokat Kazova lands and to classify the lands according to the suitability for peach cultivation by means of Geographic Information System (GIS). The distances and elevation differences of possible orchard locations to/from the available water resources, soil profile depth, soil profile texture, frost risk, land aspect, and land slope were considered as criterions to classify the lands of Tokat Kazova to determine appropriate lands for peach cultivation under Tokat Kazova conditions.

The aim of research was to study the advanced reclamation techniques to deal with the irrigated land degradation (the rise of the groundwater, resalting, dehumification, etc.). Research was undertaken in some farms in the dry steppe zone of Saratov Trans–Volga region. The object of research was degrated (hydrogenic, solonized, saline, fractured) irrigated dark chestnut soils. The prediction of water–salt regimes on the basis of mathematical modeling of moisture and salt transfer in soils of aeration zone was carried out.

The Japanese public now has access to vast amounts of geographical information produced by many government agencies and media outlets on the tsunami caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake. Many maps and images not only inform the public about the tsunami damage area, but potentially help the public and policy makers understand the landscape damaged by the tsunami, and plan reconstruction. However, large amounts of publically available data still remain underutilized.

The possibilities of using the geospatial analysis methods for visualizing land monitoring data and modelling the spatial distribution of the main agrochemical soil indicators are discussed in the article. The research was conducted within the limits of land use of RUP “Uchkhoz BGSHA” (Republic of Belarus, Mogilev region, Goretsky district). The total area of the surveyed territory was 3187.0 hectares. The geospatial analysis of the spatial distribution of humus, mobile phosphorus, mobile potassium and pHKCl was carried out using the Geostatistical Analyst module of the ArcGIS software.