L'Afrique au sud du Sahara ou se situent les pays africains les moins avances a été décrite comme la seule grande région du monde ou le taux de croissance démographique continue à croître et ou la production alimentaire par habitant a baissé au cours des vingt-cinq dernières années. Il est tout a fait évident que les pays africains les moins avancés doivent faire face a un problème d'autosuffisance alimentaire. Les secteurs des exportations et de l'alimentation des pays africains les moins avancés ont cédé le pas a la crainte de l’avenir.

This paper examines the role of the International Financial institutions in the formulation of African macro-economic policies with particular reference to efforts aimed at adjusting the agricultural sectors of African economies. The paper attempts to

assess the impact of Structural Adjustment Programs(SAP)on African agriculture and through an examination of the application of the programs in three African countries - Malawi,Tanzania and Zambia.

This paper is a draft report on the Ad Hoc Committee on the Draft Medium Term Plan.

The adoption of Agenda 2063 at the continental level, and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at the global level, requires a high level of collection and collation of quality, timely, reliable and dis-aggregated data at all levels of the development process, including land, to inform decisions, enable all stakeholders to track progress and make the necessary adjustments to ensure transparency and mutual accountability in the continent and globally.

Cognizant of the centrality of land policy issues in Africa, a joint initiative was undertaken by the African Union Commission (AUC), United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) and the African Development Bank (AfDB) in 2006, forming the genesis of the Land Policy Initiative (LPI). Through the LPI important actions and measures have been launched including a series of regional studies on land issues across Africa accompanied by rigorous consultations and discussions at regional and continental levels.

Depuis plusieurs années, on remarque une ruée sur les terres cultivables en Afrique. Ce déferlement peut s’expliquer par diverses raisons, telles que la recherche de nouvelles rentabilités à la suite de la crise financière actuelle, l’accroissement de l’investissement agricole pour assurer la sécurité alimentaire, l’encouragement de l’agrocarburant, etc. Toutefois, le phénomène n’est pas sans conséquence sur le bien-être des paysans locaux. Ces derniers, généralement réunis autour de sociétés coopératives, peuvent défendre leurs intérêts à travers diverses formes d’actions.

This paper states that, in Africa, smallholder agriculture is the main source of employment for the majority of the rural population and the bulk of the staple food is produced by this segment of the population.

Dans son budget programme pour la période biennale 1986-1987 qui a été entérine par la onzième réunion do la Conférence des ministres tenue à Addis-Abeba en mai 1985 et ultérieurement approuve par la quarantième session de l'Assemblée générale des Nations Unie. Le présent rapport, est un résume des principales questions soulèves lors du séminaire et des mesures pratiques envisagées pour améliorer les moyens des pays dans le domaine de la commercialisation agricole pour ce qui est des arrangements sous-régionaux en matière de CTPD.

The project was first conceived as a “Transnational project on the Management of Major Regional Aquifer in N.E. Africa” during the UNCOD held in Nairobi in 1977 and that it had been taken up by ADALCO in 1987. He pointed out that the sandstone aquifer occupying an area of about 2,000,0000 sq. km underlines the common border areas of Sudan, Egypt, Libya and Chad. Environmentally, it was observed that the zone has a relief characterized by a vast sandy plan, which is occasionally interrupted by scattered flat topped Nubaian plateaux and escarpments.

Research in the various agricultural experiment stations in Ethiopia has convincingly shown that the wheat variety is in many respects inferior to imported varieties (lower yield, weaker stems, more susceptible to rust, short stalks, small heads etc.) and required to be replaced for upgraded.

This report seeks to look at both sides of the picture to help member countries gain an insight into the principal factors which facilitated or hindered the Plan's implementation during the period 1980-19*5. It has been prepared in response to ECA's 1986-1987 programme budget, which "quires, inter alia, an evaluation of the LPA's implementation m the food and agriculture sector within the biennium.

Over the last two decades* Africa has gradually lost its ability to feed its population and finance its investment for its agricultural sector. It is increasingly depending on industrialized countries for its needs. At the same time, earnings from major export crops have drastically fallen while external debts of many African States have multiplied over the last decade.